nbde questions

1. Which vitamin is not required for the formation/calcification of a tooth? A, C, D, K, B1
2. Which tooth is wider  mesiodistally than cervicoincisally? 8, 9, C, D, E
3. What is required for the synthesis of Vit D?  exposure to UVB
4. Exposure to UVB causes what type of damage to DNA? Dimerization of thymine
5. Which structure crosses superiorly over the right lung? Vagus, azygos vein
6. Keratohyalin granules seen in what layer of epidermis? Stratum granulosum
7. Dermis is what type of connective tissue? Loose connective tissue (areolar) and has a reticular section too
8. CSF is where? Subdural, epidural, subarachnoid
9. Which cell is multinucleated? Osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast
10. Which cusp on mand 2^nd molar is larger than corresponding cusp on mand 1^st molar? DB?
11. Which of the following will not cause jaundice? Hep A, biliary obstruction, hemolytic anemia, lack of Vit K
12. Esophageal varices will cause what? Hemoptysis, hematemesis
13. Metabolism of pure glucose will yield what respiratory quotient? 1.0
14. Where is lung cancer most common? Parietal pleura, bronchal epithelium, bronchiole epithelium
15. What is surface of articulating condyle of TMJ covered with? Fibrocartilage
16. What is surface of non-articulating portion of TMJ covered with? Synovial fluid, fibrocartilage, calcified cartilage (Periosteum was not an answer choice)
17. Serous demilunes secrete into what? intercalated ducts, striated ducts,
18. Sphenoid bone forms sutures with all of the following except: maxilla, temporal, palatine, mandibule
19. The complete upper lip is formed by what? Frontonasal and maxillary process, maxillary process and median nasal, and some answer choices with lateral nasal processes.
20. Salivary, sweat, sebaceous, and mammary glands all have what in common? Exocrine, endocrine, apocrine, holocrine???forbes and tests had different answers
21. What vein empties the stomach? Portal, SMV, IMV, and two others
22. When a baby takes his first breath, the pressure increases where? Ductus arteriosis, ductus venosus, right auricle, right atrium, left atrium
23. Fibrosis of the lungs is caused by what? Silicosis, antracosis, repeat Q
24. FL longitudinal section of canine is taken, where is the widest portion of the pulp chamber? Medial 1/3 or cervical 1/3
25. Where is pain consciously processed? Somatosensory cortex?
26. Where is pain from the orofacial region sent to? Nucleus ambiguous, nucleus dorsal, some other choices, inferior olive
27. What is the Hering Breur reflex?  It’s a stretch reflex which prevents overinflation of lungs
28. Posture is a result of what reflex? Stretch, flexion, extension, golgi tendon?
29. Women get squamous cell carcinoma most commonly where? Cervix, breast,
30. Which structure comes between the superior constrictor and middle constrictor? Stylopharyngeus?
31. Which nerve runs with the external jugular vein? Phrenic, vagus
32. What is contained in the axillary sheath along with the axillary artery? Brachial artery, axillary vein with cords of brachial plexus, axillary artery with trunks of brachial plexus, brachial artery with pharyngeal plexus.
33. Which nerve is most likely to be damaged in a mid-humeral shaft fracture? Radial nerve
34. What hormone causes secretion of bicarb from the pancreas? Secretin
35. The enterogastric reflex causes: increase or decrease gastric motility, increase or decrease in intestinal motility
36. ADH: increases permeability to H20 in the collecting duct and DCT
37. Two questions on cor pulmonale: one on what causes it, I believe its increased resistance in the lungs
38. A question on TH1 vs TH2 helper cells
39. Which of the following is intracellular pathogen? Histomycosis, actinomycosis, two other fungals, and candida
40. Which of the following has human carriers, I went with gonorrhea, Chlamydia and diphtheria?
41. Fleas are carriers for Yersinia pestis
42. What causes rash in scarlet fever? Pyrogenic exotoxins, or human response to it
43. SLE and rheumatoid arthritis are what classification of disease? Autoimmune
44. SLE damages the viscera by: immune/antibody complexes which mess things up
45. Danger of chloramphenicol? Aplastic anemia
46. Which is a benign tumor of nerve cells? Neurofibroma, meningioma, astrocytoma
47. Where is the lamina propria and the periosteum practically a single membrane? Buccal mucosa, soft palate, floor of mouth, attached gingiva
48. What is true of all anterior teeth? Wedge shaped from proximal
49. What causes athletes foot? Some Trichophytosis something, not aspergillus niger, or histo capsulatum
50. Where does the trachea bifurcate? Sternal angle, not the sternal notch
51. If you do IO block at the infraorbital foramen, what happens? Canine is anesthetized
52. Fossa ovale and rotundum are in what bone? Sphenoid
53. How does mandible ossify? Intramembranous ossification
54. Thyroid gland in adults remnant is? Foramen cecum
55. mRNA coding for collagen goes to the ER why?  Bc the mRNA codes to go to the ER, or bc there is a protein on it which sends it to the ER
56. Facial nerve is cut off after it exits stylomastoid foramen…what wont work: ocularis orbicularis, not mylohyoid or anterior belly of digastric
57. What muscle makes the floor of the submental triangle? Mylohyoid or anterior belly of the digastric – this is stupid question, see pg 60 First Aid
58. Which other bone besides the zygomatic bone makes up the zygomatic arch? Temporal bone
59. A dentist loses a tooth, where should he not look for it? Vallecula, piriform recess, pharyngeal recess, and something else by the larynx
60. What foramen connects the nasal with the oral? Incisive foramen
61. Which muscle connects to articular disk and head of condyle? Lat Pterygoid
62. Where does the maxillary paranasal sinuses drain? Middle meatus?
63. Where do you feel cold sensation of tooth pain? Meissners, Ruffini, Pascini, Merkel, and it think the correct answr is the one I forgot
64. Preganglionic symphathetic nucleus are where?
65. Perikaryo are found where?
66. Bipolar, multipolar, purkinje, pyramidal???
67. Where is testosterone made…not which cell, but where in the system, seminiferous epithelium?
68. Tomes granular layer is found where? Dentin next to CDJ.
69. Crypts of lieberkuhn are in what layer of the SI? Muscularis externa, adventitia, submucosal?
70. The appendix is located where? Ascending colon or at the cecum
71. Where do you not find goblet cells? Ileum or appendix vermiform
72. The spleen touches what? Diaphragm, right kidney, ascending colon, duodenum
73. Deep facial vein connects to what? Pterygoid plexus
74. Hematoma of an IAN can result by injecting into what? Pterygoid plexus
75. Which primary site of cancer is least likely to metastasize to bone? Tongue, prostate, breast, thyroid?
76. Tip of tongue lymph goes to where first? Submental
77. If pt has abscess of mandibular teeth, what lymph node would get swollen first? Submental
78. What is deep to hyoglossus? Lingual artery
79. Anterior superior most position of condylar head is known as: centric relation
80. To get to submandibular duct you need to cut through: mucosa only
81. Bunch of questions on muscles of mastication
82. Mandible on opening deviates to left, which muscle is damaged
83. Tongue on protrusion deviates to left, which nerve is damaged
84. Narrow or wide intercondylar distance creates more narrow angles between laterotrusive/mediotrusive movements (tooth groove escapes)
85. Maxillary lingual cusp moves straight back through central groove, which mmt? Protrusion
86. Which ones are guiding cusps? Mand ling, max bucc
87. On max first molar, what groove connects mesial and central pit? Central groove
88. Lots of max first molar root questions
89. Lots of premolar questions
90. Two questions on which groove is bigger max 2^nd pm or max 1^st pm, and which has more supplemental grooves
91. Which tooth has mesial marginal ridge more cervical than distal? Mand 1^st molar
92. What is key charac about mand 1^st molar? Mesiolingual developmental groove
93. What ligament hitches up so rotation of condyle turns into translation? TM or stylomand
94. When suprahyoids go up to swallow, what keeps mandibule from going down? Infrahyoids
95. Which of the following is not an infrahyoid? Stylohyoid
96. The external carotid ends as which two branches? External carotid and maxillary artery
97. What is sensory to the TMJ? Auricotemporal
98. Which is a polypeptide? Glucagon, epineph, insulin, cortisol, thyroxine
99. Epineph is most similar to which AA? Tyrosine
100. Thymus is in which mediastinum?
101. Which is both exocrine and endocrine? Pancreas
102. What stimulates the ectoderm to turn into neural crest?
103. What is skeletal muscle of the thorax made from embryologically? mesoderm
104. Where else besides gonads are sex hormones made? Adrenal cortex
105. Calcitonin is made where? Parafollicular cells of thyroid
106. Cortical plate histologically has: I don’t remember, one answer was Whorling bone
107. question about red infarct in which organ – answer is lungs.
108. alpha delta fibers are myelinated or not?
109. what artery supplies the condyle
110. what cartilage in nucleosus pulposus of vertebrae? Fibrocart
111. nuclear membrane: connected to golgi, two membranes, nuclear pores, outer membrane like rEr
112. LPS – heat stabile endotoxin – T/F or is outer membrane – techoic acids
113. proteoglycans are amino sugars?
114. in what phase of cell cycle is DNA replicated
115. what anchors cells to ECM? Integrin? Keratin?
116. which hormone of adenohypophysis is not secreted by basophils? Answer is prolactin
117. which cells make surfactant? Type II pneumocytes
118. question about inulin not secreted or absorbed
119. if neither measuring secretion or absorption then this is a measure of GFR
120. sharpey’s will be in al lthe following except: gingiva, cellular/acellular cementum, alveolar bone
121. question about cDNA
122. question about reverse transcriptase going from mRNA to cDNA
123. 5% CO2 will lead to what
124. which shifts the o2 hemoglobin curve to right, metabolic acidosis, respiratory acidosis, carbon monoxide, increased temperature, and increased 2,3, BPG
125. carbon monox has what feature – cherry red blood
126. pustular dermatomes – shingles/varicella zoster
127. a question about free radicals not involved in damaging what, infarct or oxygen toxicity
128. lots of questions on necrosis
129. which necrosis causes soap formation
130. which necrosis after a clot in middle cerebral artery
131. which necrosis and what cell type in an acute myocardial infarction
132. fumarate is in what two pathways
133. which of the following when metabolized is largest drop in free energy? Creatine phosphate, glucose 6 phosphate
134. which can be alternate energy source in muscle? Creatine phosphate or GTP
135. which neurotransmitter is blocked in local anesthesia to stop feeling to muscle
136. what do you palpate one inch superior and one inch anterior to ear? Temporalis anterior fibers
137. nerves 7 and 8 go through what to exit cranium – internal acoustic meatus
138. what activates myosin light chain kinase in smooth muscle
139. what sequesters calcium in the masseter muscle – sarco retic
140. orthostatic hypertension is caused by triggering carotid body or by decreased venous return

Cases/Scenarios:

Why is bone brittle after someone dies? Loss of collagen

Two questions on patients who had hypertension BPs of 160/90 and diabetes or high cholesterol – question was which medical consultation is the most relevant?  Hypertension

What is Hb1Ac? Hemoglobin with sugar

CSI crime scene – zygomatic facial damage – which muscle of mastication will be damaged? Masseter

Bullet hole through posterior of head (.38) and exit wound superior to the eyebrows, what bones are most likely not involved? Temporal and zygomatic, other choices included, occipital, frontal, sphenoid

Jugular foramen is also crushed…which nerve is likely damaged? V, VII, IX, and X…shouldn’t answer be both IX and X

Old nursing home lady who hit her head and broke her clavicle 5 years ago and is mentally challenged comes in with a ulcerated sore on her hard palate with epithelial necrosis and the surrounding tissue is erythematous.

How is her broken clavicle now? Woven bone, lamellar bone, bony callus, or remodeled bone

What is the likely diagnosis for the ulcerated lesion? Trauma, herpetic stomatitis,

Little kid with nephrectomy and kidney transplant had hypercalcemia and hyperphosphatemia and is taking cyclosporins to suppress immune system. Has lots of plaque and calculus.  Also has loss of lamina dura

Why are his gums enlarged? medication

What is likely causing the hypercalc/hyperphos? Hyperparathyroidism

What is his bone like? Decreased turnover, increased osteoid, two other answers

Lady taking dilantin for something, and has peripheral neuropathies and diabetes, generalized shooting pain from mouth, has excellent oral care, find small cavity of buccal of 15, and when probing 13 she gets shooting pain for 2 minutes which goes to her ear…what is cause of pain? Trigem neuralgia, or periapical abscess, or that small cavity of facial of 15

Why are her gums enlarged? medication

Multiple myeloma patient

Doing an extraction on 14, 15, on HTN pt, what do you not need to consider? Need to consider local anesthesia to use, maxillary sinus location, but do not need to consider density of mylohyoid line.

Patient who eats only fast food and soda pop with a mom who got CD/CD at age 22.  all his teeth are bad too, what is causing this? Diet

What is nodule on the buccal of tooth 18?  Fistulous tract, sinus tract, torus…what is diff bw fistulus tract and sinus tract?

When doing an IAN which muscle is anesthetized which will cause a pt to bite his cheeks when he eats…buccinators or masseter…does buccinators or masseter get anesthetized

When doing an injection on 3…which muscle do you inject into if you do an intramuscular injection?  Lateral pterygoid?

There is a hole on the mandible near the apex of the fifth tooth from midline…what is it? Mental foramen

Pt complains of parasthesia to soft tissue of chin and lip…which nerve is involved? Mental

Mandibular radiolucencies include all of the following except: incisive foramen, mental foramen, sella turcica, mandibular foramen, pulp canals

Patient on bisphosphanates

What is tan piece of bone sticking out? Sequestra

If on mandibular lingual posterior, what is causing it? Medication

What ligament is probably damaged? Sphenomandib?